Ngaphansi kwesimo sobhubhane, kungani ukuhwebelana namazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” kukhula kancane kancane?

Ngaphansi kwesimo sobhubhane, kungani ukuhwebelana namazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” kukhula kancane kancane?

Izigidigidi ezi-2.5 zama-yuan ezithengwayo nezithunyelwa ngaphandle, okunyuke ngo-21.4%, okubalelwa ku-29.5% wesamba semali yohwebo lwangaphandle kanye nempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kwezwe lami—lesi isimo sokuhwebelana phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” kwikota yokuqala.Selokhu kwaqubuka lolu bhubhane, leli nani lempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe liye lagcina ukukhula okuqhubekayo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo nokusimama kancane kohwebo lwangaphandle ngekota yokuqala, ukukhula kwezohwebo kwezwe lami namazwe ahambisana ne-“Belt and Road” nakho kukhule kakhulu: kusuka ku-7.8% ngekota yokuqala ka-2019 kanye no-3.2% kwikota yokuqala. ka-2020, ukukhula okungaphezu kwama-20% namuhla.

“Ngaphandle komthelela wesisekelo esiphansi saminyaka yonke, izwe lami lizuze ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwezohwebo namazwe ahambisana ne-'Belt and Road'."kusho uZhang Jianping, umqondisi weRegional Economic Cooperation Research Center ye-Ministry of Commerce Research Institute.Phinda udonse.”

Izimpumelelo ezinjalo zizuzwa kanzima.Naphezu komthelela walolu bhubhane, ukukhula kwezohwebo kwezwe lami namazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” akuzange kube sengozini.Ikakhulukazi kwikota yokuqala yonyaka odlule, lapho inani lezwe lami eliphelele lokungeniswa nokuthekelisa lehla ngo-6.4% unyaka nonyaka, umthamo wokungenisa nokuthekelisa kweChina namazwe ahambisana nomzila wafinyelela ku-2.07 trillion yuan, okuwukunyuka ngo-3.2% unyaka nonyaka -unyaka, okungamaphesenti angama-9.6 aphezulu kunezinga lokukhula lilonke.Kungashiwo ukuthi kube neqhaza elikhulu ekwesekeni ukuhwebelana kwezwe lami nangaphandle.

“Ngaphansi komthelela walolu bhubhane ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngempahla emhlabeni wonke, uhwebo lwezwe lami namazwe agudle i-'Belt and Road' luqhubekile nokukhula.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuhlukahluka kwezimakethe zezwe lami kanye nokusimamisa uhwebo oluyisisekelo lokuhwebelana namanye amazwe, futhi kuphinde kube negalelo elibalulekile ekuvuseleleni ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke.”U-Li Yong, iphini likamqondisi weKomidi Lochwepheshe le-China Society for International Trade, uthe.

Ngaphansi kwesimo sobhubhane, ukuhwebelana kwezwe lami namazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” kuye kwagcina ukukhula okuqinile, futhi kwaze kwakhula ngokushesha kwamanye amazwe.Kusho ukuthini?

Okokuqala nje, lokhu kuwukubonakaliswa kokuqina nobungqabavu bomnotho waseShayina kanye namandla aqinile okuhlinzeka nokukhiqiza.

Ngokombono wokwakheka kwamanye amazwe ngekota yokuqala, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi emazweni angaphandle kubalelwe ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-60, kanti imikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi, izindwangu, njll. nakho kuyizinto ezithunyelwa kakhulu zezwe lami emazweni agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo”.Amakhono okukhiqiza nokuthekelisa asimeme futhi azinzile awakona nje kuphela ukubonakaliswa kokunqanda nokulawula ubhubhane oluphumelelayo lwaseShayina kanye nokusimama komnotho nokuthuthuka, kodwa futhi aqinisekisa isimo esingenakushintshwa se-"Made in China" ezimakethe zomhlaba.

Okwesibili, izitimela zase-China-Europe zisebenza ngendlela ehlelekile phakathi nalolu bhubhane, oludlale indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukusimama kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezimboni emhlabeni wonke, okubandakanya amazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo”.

Ngaphandle kokuhamba kahle kwezokuthutha kanye nempahla, singakhuluma kanjani ngokuhweba okuvamile?Ihlaselwe yilolu bhubhane, yize izinto zokuhamba zasolwandle nezomoya zivaliwe, i-China-Europe Railway Express, eyaziwa ngokuthi “ikamela lensimbi”, isasebenza ngendlela ehlelekile, isebenza “njengomthambo oyinhloko” wochungechunge lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke kanye ne- “umzila wokuphila” obalulekile wokuvikela nokulawula ubhubhane.

U-Li Kuiwen, okhulumela i-General Administration of Customs, uveze ukuthi i-China-Europe Railway Express idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuthuthukiswa kwezohwebo namazwe ahambisana nomzila.“Ngekota yokuqala, ukungenisa nokuthunyelwa kwezwe lami emazweni agudle umzila kunyuke ngo-64% ngezinto zokuthutha ngojantshi.”

Idatha ibonisa ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, izitimela zaseChina-Europe zivule i-1,941 futhi zathumela ama-TEU angu-174,000, akhuphuka ngo-15% no-18% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelana.Ngo-2020, isibalo sezitimela zase-China-Europe sifinyelele ku-12,400, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-50%.Kungashiwo ukuthi ukusebenza ngendlela ehlelekile kwesitimela sase-China-Europe kunikeze isiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokukhula kohwebo phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe amaningi ahambisana nomzila "Ibhande Nomgwaqo".

Nakulokhu futhi, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwezwe lami lokuvula kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwabalingani bokuhweba nakho kube isizathu esibalulekile sokukhula okuqhubekayo kokuhwebelana kwezwe lami namazwe agudle umzila.

Ngekota yokuqala, izwe lami lazuza ukukhula ngokushesha kwezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamanye amazwe ahambisana nomzila.Phakathi kwazo, inyuke ngo-37.8%, 28.7%, no-32.2% eVietnam, Thailand, nase-Indonesia, futhi inyuke ngo-48.4%, 37.3%, 29.5%, no-41.7% ePoland, Turkey, Israel nase-Ukraine.

Kuyabonakala ukuthi ezivumelwaneni eziyi-19 zohwebo lwamahhala ezisayinwe phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe nezifunda ezingama-26, ingxenye enkulu yabalingani balo bohwebo bavela emazweni agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo”.Ikakhulukazi, i-ASEAN yaphakama yaba nguzakwethu omkhulu wokuhweba wezwe lami ngesikhathi esisodwa ngonyaka odlule.Udlale indima ebalulekile ekusimamiseni ukuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe.

“I-China kanye namazwe agudle i-'Belt and Road' anokubambisana okuhlelekile, hhayi nje ukuhweba, kodwa futhi nesamba esikhulu sokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, inkontileka yephrojekthi, njll., kanye nokubamba i-International Expo, lokhu kunomthelela onamandla ukuhwebelana.”Zhang Jianping Say.

Eqinisweni, eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinga lokukhula lokuhwebelana kwezwe lami namazwe agudle umzila ngokuvamile libe phezulu kunezinga lilonke lohwebo, kodwa ngenxa yomthelela walolu bhubhane, izinga lokukhula liye laguquguquka ngezinga elithile.Ebheke phambili ekusaseni, u-Bai Ming, isekela lomqondisi we-International Market Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, ukholelwa ukuthi ngokulawulwa kancane kancane kwalolu bhubhane, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwe-China yokuvulwa, nochungechunge lwezinqubomgomo ezinhle, amathemba ukubambisana kwezomnotho nezohwebo phakathi kwezwe lami namazwe agudle “Ibhande Nomgwaqo” kuyathembisa.